Testing apparatus



July 2, 1935. J, D, H 2,007,087

TESTING APPARATUS Filed June 50, 1954 3nventor Xggw I Patented July 2,1935 7 I v Q l ,V v 7 l V UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,007,087 I TESTING APPARATUS John Hird, Washington, D. c. Application June 30, 1934, Serial No. 733,294 Claims. (o1.ss-14) This invention is directed to an improvement A mirror or other' reflecting surface H is ro-l in a testing apparatus wherein provision is made tatably supported on a shaft I2within the space for the use and control of reflected light to en- 3, the shaft being approximately aligned with able such reflected light to be sent directly and the axes of the. bores 11 to: thereby permit the, 5 longitudinally of containers for the material to mirror It to reflect light into the bores through- 5 be tested, with adjustable provisions for viewing out a considerable variation in the angular po-- the containers and material therein in the line sition of such mirror. The ends of the shaft of the reflected light. l2 are provided with finger grips I 3 by which the 'The primary object of the present invention is shaft may be turned to adjust the angular rela 10 the provision of a simple testingapparatus intion of the mirror with respect'to the bores 1. 10 volving a case for theremovable reception of An inverted U-cshape'd fra e including ide containers for the material to be tested, together bars l4 and a cross-bar I5 is pivotally supported With a mirror or light reflecting surface arranged at theforward upper edge; of the block I, the'free below the containers and capable of angular adends of the bars I4 being preferably mounted on justment to cause light rays to be reflected disuitable pivot and arranged between the surface 15 rectly and'longitudinally of the containers, toof the block I and the side walls15. Supported gether with an upper reflecting. element which in the side bars 14 adjacent the cross-bar I5 is may likewise be adjusted to permit the containers a shaft l6 having terminal finger grips ll: by to be visible in the line of their axes, so that the which the shaft may be turned. A, mirror or entire body of .material' being tested is illumiother reflecting element I8 is connected; to or nated directly bycthe reflected light and visible supp y the shaft I6. 7

for test purposes throughout-the full length of The side walls 5 near the bottom wallfG are the c t iners, u I a formed with longitudinally extending channels l9 The invention is illustrated in the accompanyopening through the forward edge of the walls 5 ing drawing, in-which; and the relation of the parts is such that when 25;"

Figure l is a perspective View of the device, the the arms are swung w d yl the af '5 parts being shown in operative positions Will enter the channels l9, thus carrying the mir: Figure 2: is. auvertical central section of the 01" l8 Within the space 3, below the mirror H; as same, indicated by dotted lines in Figure 3.

Figure 3 is a side elevation, the parts of the ap- The device is designed to be used in connection 30 paratus bing shown in inoperative positions in with test tube light co ta ers 2!! which are of dotted lines. glass throughout and. which are designed to be The apparatus as constructed includes a caspassed 111 13 0 es IOOSBly longitudinally of th ing comprising a block I, preferably of wood or bores 1 with their lower closed ends resting upon similar material, which is of the full sectional the pp g led e 0- 35 mensions of the casing. The lower portion of The materials torbe tested are placed in one the block is cut away, leaving a relatively thin of the containers or tubes or in both, accordin rear wall 2 and providing a space 3 in advance of to the nature of the test being carried out. Light the rear wall, The casing i completed by a from any appropriate sourceis controlled either metallic'strip 4 bent into U-form, with the side from the miI'rOr H or from the mirror I8 and. 40

walls 5 secured to and coextensive with the vereither such reflecting surface is manually adjust- I tical dimension of the block I and the bottom ed until the reflected light is sent directly through wall 6 underlying and. forming a bottom for the materials in the tubes. The other mirror, the space 3. The side walls 5 thus provide side ei her I 0 Is as the Case y 181311611 manually walls for the space 3 below the upper solid poradjusted until the light reflected to the eye is that tion of the block i, so that the space 3 is open moving axially of the containers or, in other only toward the front. words, until the containers are visible throughout The solid portion of the block I above the space their full lengths. The reflected light is thus di- 3 is formed with vertically ranging, preferably rected throughout the full length of the tubes cylindrical bores 1, and. secured to the bottom of and from the receiving mirror to the eye of the 50 the upper solid portion of the block is a plate 8 observer in order that the requisite test of the formed in line with the bores I with openings contents of the tubes may be made.

9 which have a diameter somewhat less than The device is useful for many p rp It will that of the bores to provide a narrow annular vserve admirably as a colorimeter wherein astandi ledge ID at the bottom of the bores I. ard fluid is introduced into one of the tubes 20 55 and the fluid being tested introduced into the other of said tubes. Under the reflected light, any variation in color is readily perceived.

To illustrate in the determination of blood sugar a known quantity of the protein free blood filtrate is treated with a reagent which produces a color, the intensity of which depends on the amount of sugar present.

This is placed in one of the tubes. A standard solution of sugar similarly treated with the above reagent is introduced by means of a graduated pipette, burette or other device, until the colors in both tubes as reflected on the mirrors are of equal intensity. Knowing the strength of the standard solution, the strength of the unknown is easily calculated. 7

This is more easily accomplished and with greater accuracy with this invention than with others as the reflected color images on the mirrors are more easily dififerentiated than by'direct vision, since this method allows the use of both eyes and at such distance from the color image as is most suitable for the observer.

Where great accuracy is not essential this instrument allows also of the use of direct observation and color comparison.

The device also serves for testing oils, colloids and illuminating fluids to discover the character and gradation as well as amount of any carbon or other contained impurities and the character of such may, if desired, be compared with a standard fluid in the other container.

The device also lends itself admirably for the testing of various materials incident to health tests and other uses.

The device as a whole is compact and when the parts are in inoperative position, as illustrated in Figure '3, it will be apparent that the mirrors or other reflecting elements are completely housed andp'rotected againstdamage.

"What is claimed is:

1. .Atesting apparatus including a casing having vertically arranged spaced bores, said bores termmatingabove the bottom of the casing, the lower portion of the casing presenting an enclosed area opening toward the front of the cas ing, a mirror swingingly mounted in said area, a U-shaped frame pivotally connected to the upper portion of the casing and movable into selected positions above the bores, and a swinging mirror carried by said frame.

2. A testing apparatus including a casing having the upper portion thereof formed with longitudinally ranging spaced bores, a mirror swingingly mounted in the lower portion of the casing below the bores, arms pivotally connected to the upper portion of the casing and movable into a selected position above the bores, a mirror adjustably supported in said arms, the length of the arms permitting the mirror carried thereby to be moved into the space below the bores for housing purposes.

3. A testing apparatus including a casing formed with longitudinally ranging spaced bores, said bores terminating above the lower end of the casing, a mirror swingingly mounted in the lower end of the casing below the bores, arms pivotally connected to the casing and movable to a selected position above the bores, a mirror swingingly supported in said arms, the length of the arms permitting the mirror carried thereby to be moved into the space below the bores and beneath the first mentioned mirror for housing purposes.

4. A testing apparatus including a casing formed with longitudinally ranging spaced bores,

the lower portion of the-casing below the bores presenting an open space, a mirror swingingly mounted in said open space, arms pivotally connested to the upper portion of the casing, a shaft carried by the arms, and a mirror fixed to the shaft to permit mirror adjustment, the length of the arms permitting the mirror carried thereby to be moved into a position below the first mentioned mirror and housed in said space, the side walls defining the space being slotted to receive the shaft.

5. A testing apparatus including a casing formed with vertically arranged spaced bores terminating above the lower end of the casings. mirror adjustably mounted in the casing below the bores for directing the reflected light longitudinally of the bores, and a second mirror connected to the casing for bodily movement and for independent swinging adjustment to permit said second mirror to be arranged above the bores to render visible the full length of the bores under such reflected light, said second mirror being movable into a position adjacent the first mentioned mirror for housing purposes.

JOHN D. 'HIRD. IL.S.] 

